Communication Competencies in Selling Socialization Process

Communication Competencies in Selling Socialization Process Introduction The topic of this assignment is to study Communication competencies in the socialization process in the direct selling business. Objectives There are many objectives of doing this assignment. So, the objectives of this assignment is to let us understand the following: Definition of communication competencies, socialization process and direct selling business. The influence of communication competencies to the socialization process in the direct selling business. The relationship of communication competencies in the socialization process in the direct selling business. Communication competencies Communication is the process by which information is exchanged between different individuals through a common system of interaction by using symbols, signs, or behaviours. Communication is the ability to listen to others and also can communicate in an effective manner at the same time. For most people, communication can be defined as simply talk and it is a natural event that occurs in daily life. Communication competency is the ability for someone who is able to communicate with another person in order to reach their goals through interactive and suitable interactions. Besides, communication competency also means the ability to achieve communication goals in a manner which can maintain the relationship on terms acceptable to those who are involved. Particularly, it is a type of skill level that human resources professionals should practises and it is responsible for managing others which must be attained and possessed. In order to achieve competency in communication, there are six c riteria which a communicator must meet which include flexibility, involvement, management, empathy, effectiveness and appropriateness. For the flexibility, the communicator needs to be very flexible to adapt different kind of situations and willing to change the behaviours of others in order to achieve goals. Adaptability may require a person who is communicating with other people always be sensitive to both the goals itself and also the people who is responsible for achieving the goals.The other skill that required to achievecommunication competency is involvement in the conversation. This requires the communicator to interact directly with the other parties and the interaction includes listening to the needs and concerns of others.Secondly, the other skill required to achieve communication competency is involvement in the conversation. This requires the communicator to interact directly with the other parties. Interaction includes listening to the needs and concerning of others. Thirdly, being able to manage the conversation requires the communicator to adjust how they interact with each other, control the convers ation and social interactions. It also requires the communicator to control the direction of the conversation takes. Fourthly, empathy means the ability of communicator to show that they understand where the others are coming from and understand their problems to share their own emotions. Fifthly, effectiveness is the ability of communicator to reach the goal of the conversation and the ability to meet both the requirements of the communicator and the other parties who are involved. Lastly, appropriateness is the ability to adhere the expectations of the situation on hand. One of the primary measurements for attaining communication competency is depends on how appropriate the conversation is in achieving the goals. Socialization process Socialization is a learning process which begins shortly after birth. Early childhood is the period of the most crucial and the most intense socialization. It is then which we acquire language and learn the basics of our culture. Besides, it is also a process when much of our personalities take shape. During socialization, we learn the language of the culture which we are born into as well as the roles we are to play in life.However, we continue to be socialized throughout our lives. Socialization can also be defined as a process which may lead to acceptable, or moral, outcomes in the opinion of society said. Individual views on certain issues, such as economies or race, are deeply influenced by the view of the society and at last, it became a normal and acceptable outlook or value to have within the society. For example, human infants are born without any culture. Then, they must be transformed by their parents, teachers, friends and others into cultural and socially skilled animals . The general process of acquiring this culture is referred to as socialization. Besides, socialization can also be defined as the process by which children and adults learn from others through daily activities. We begin our learning from others during the early days of lifeand most people can continue their social learning all through life.Socialization is important in the process of personality formation. While much of human personality is the result of our genes, the socialization process can imitate it in particular directions by encouraging specific beliefs and attitudes as well as selectively providing experiences. Direct selling business Direct selling is the marketing and selling of products directly to consumers which are away from fixed retail location. It is marketed through the independent sales representatives who are also referred to as consultants or distributors. A very small percentage of direct sellers are employees from the companies whose products they sell. It is a type of sales channel where the products are marketed directly to customers while eliminating the need for middlemen such as wholesalers, advertisers and also retailers. They are independent contractors who market and sell the products or services of the company and in return for a commission from those sales.Direct sellers do not necessarily have to sell door-to-door even though that is usually how they get started out. Many of them sell their products through the phone or even through the mail or via a personal website. Direct selling can be conducted as one-on-one, in a group, as a party format or selling online. There are many benefits of online selling. The factor that makes direct selling such an attractive career option is the flexibility which it offers. Those who are engage in direct selling are known as independent contractors who determine how much time and energy they want to invest in their businesses. They can set their own hours, define and control their work-family life balance. An Independent sales representative is they become their own boss. Besides, direct selling is also a way to own a business with the most minimal capital investment. The other strengths of direct selling isdue to its tradition of independence, service provide to consumers, and commitment to entrepreneurial growth in a free market system. Direct selling provides accessible business opportunities to people who are looking for other alternative sources of income, and the entry for direct selling is generally not restricted by gender, age, education, or any other previous experiences. Around the world there is a substantial majority o f direct sellers are women and most work in their direct selling businesses are based on a part-time basis. The influence of communication competencies to the socialization process in the direct selling business As we know, direct selling business is emphasize to the â€Å"inheritance† rather than closing deals, with provide different seminars or courses for different level to independent distributors. Mostly courses are major in how to recruit the potential customers with the communication and social skills. So, socialization is the process by which whether children and adults learn from others. Therefore there are differences in outcomes for teenagers and adults due to socialization process after they attend the courses which organize by direct selling companies and apply when selling products or recruit new members. This is because the mentality and needs in the between of teenagers and adults are different. So, it is very important to choose to the proper ways in communicating with others in order to reach communication effectiveness in communication competencies and to reach the communication’s objectives. The common definition of direct selling business for a customers an d fulfil their materialism but for adults they are more preferable to sustain with consistent income in order to have more time with their families. â€Å"Zero Attitude â€Å"is another point which is emphasize by the direct selling companies, they are require the new independent distributors to learn and manage in communication competency, the ability for them to communicate with potential clients to reach their goals through interactive and appropriate interaction. Therefore, a good interaction between each other is very important in the socialization process. The interaction includes listening to the needs and concerns of others. It also requires the independent distributors to be aware of how potential clients perceive them and to know what to say in response to all of this. Direct selling business normally are being misunderstood by the public which they are applying impropriate way to â€Å"brain wash† new incomers but practically they are â€Å"cloning† or â⠂¬Å"inheriting† their culture of communication and social skills to become a mature distributors which can lead them to be able to expand their business and recruit new incomers independently. Direct selling business also requires a good communication competency in order to develop the messages which the sellers want to deliver to the targeted customers about the products selling. The relationship of communication competencies in the socialization process in the direct selling business In conclusion, there is a strong relationship between communication competencies and socialization process in the direct selling business. It is very important to have a good communication competency in the socialization process in order to bring out good outcomes in the organization through the socialization process. This is very important as the communication competency is about communicating with other in order to reach their goals through interactive interactions and socialization process is the process when much of our personalities take shape and adapting the culture which affected by the surrounding environment. Without a good socialization process in the process of communication in an organization, there will never have a good communication competency to produce good outcomes from the communication process. With a good communication competency, a person who has good communication and promoting skills when selling the products through direct selling method can makes the target ed customers to have a more understanding about the descriptions and usages of the certain products. So, with a good communication competency, this will lead to successful in most of the trading process especially for the direct selling business. Besides, a good communication competency will also can prevent the misunderstanding of the products’ information to happen or cases such as customers feeling blur about the marketing products to occur. References COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE DEFINED. (29 Jan, 2000). Retrieved 6 April, 2014, from http://www.uky.edu: http://www.uky.edu/~drlane/capstone/commcomp.htm What is Direct Selling. (2014). Retrieved 8 April, 2014, from http://www.avoncompany.com: http://www.avoncompany.com/earningsopportunity/directselling.html What is the socialization process. (July, 2001). Retrieved 8 April, 2014, from www.soc.ucsb.edu: http://www.soc.ucsb.edu/faculty/baldwin/classes/soc142/scznDEF.html

Religious Freedom Pre 1700s Essay

America than in England. Of course this is just a brief explanation compared to the real essay. suggest you fill in the blanks with some support from wherever your source is. but for now i have to go write my own because its due tomorrow and its already very late. so good luck on the essay and hope this generally answered your question. Analyze the extent to which religious freedom existed in the British North America colonies prior to 1700. The New World was first established because many people in England did not agree with their religious and political ways of life. Most people in the northern colonieshad run from England due to having no religious freedom. The Puritans, Quakers, andvarious leaders created outbursts of reform to achieve freedom in New England. Each group had their own philosophy on how life should be lived. The Puritans were a group of English men who disagreed with how the Church of England was ran. The damned were allowed to sit with the saints, and the Puritans did not like this. The extreme Puritans were known as Separatists in England. Finally, these extreme Puritans left for the New World in 1620. The Puritans set up a way of government. It said, † the whole purpose of government was to enforce God’s laws. Only the Puritans, the only one’s eligible for church membership, could be freemen. The believers and nonbelievers had to pay taxes on the government–supported church. Jews and Atheists were killed because they did not believe in the divinity of Jesus. Chaotic services were how the Quaker sermons went. He didn’t hold back his comments and demanded very little. In the South most of the colonies were overwhelmed by the Protestants. They were offensive to the religious and political authorities. The Puritans banished her from the Bay Colony. Anne Hutchinson was another rebel who challenged the authority of the Puritan clergy. Roger Williams was a threat to the Puritan leaders. This included converted and non-converted New Englander’s. After many generations, religion was not at the top of the Puritans list. The northern colonies had religious freedom, but the Puritans forced their own religion on everyone else around them. Maryland ultimately guaranteed toleration for all Christians. They set the stage for our religious freedom today. † His followers were very liberal, and not accepted.

The Argument About Pet Setting Business Ad Essay Samples

The Argument About Pet Setting Business Ad Essay Samples Promodo even has a particular advertising and marketing plan for smaller businesses that starts with research and planning in order for the client is attentive to the particular plan of action to help their small business grow. Every handshake should have a business card. Additional details about what your business does and how you mean to help your possible customer. Don't neglect to find business cards printed. Most Noticeable Pet Setting Business Ad Essay Samples Most industries have business awards you may win, offering you an internet badge you may place on your site. Joining forces with different businesses can significantly raise your advertising power and your promotion reach. To begin with, you ought to make sure they commonly serve small businesses. Small businesses in some specific industries spend significantly more than one percent. Pet stores are extremely exciting and intriguing places. All the retailer's high-tech products feature the exact same Dell quality that all of us know and love, but they're designed to satisfy the special needs of small small business owners. Digital marketing strategies help more people find your business on the internet, learn about your services and products, and ultimately get in touch with you to become customers. Getting tech savvy is a significant portion of your pet shop advertising strategy. Email marketing is a huge way to receive new visitors engaged with your organization, and maintain relationships with your present customers. Running an internet business still needs its own advertising and marketing strategies. The solutions we recommend to business proprietors often include services and products. Many consumers utilize Yelp to get the best businesses in their community. MarketThe pet product business is a big and expanding market. Look online to understand how to register your small business. Just posting your company ad on any site doesn't finish the endeavor. When you go to establish an ad you will soon learn how much you have to pay for every click you become so as to acquire your ad on the exact first page of Google. Even though it isn't challenging to really create the ad it can be hard to determine what you will need to stay to have folks to really click on your ads and make it to your site. Creating an Ad Creating an ad is most likely the toughest facet of Google AdWords. Obviously you would like your ad to appear on the very first page because many individuals don't even look past the very first page of search outcomes. Choosing Keywords The very first thing that you're going to want to do is choose some keywords. To genuinely gain from Stumble Upon, use targeting options to ensure you're hitting the correct audiences and niches. On-line visitors get inquisitive concerning the products thus discussed in any forum in order that they will consequently begin gathering information via your site connection. Pet Setting Business Ad Essay Samples Options Since you're going to be posting in the little small business ad section, that is the sole location I advise that you post since they are not as likely to receive flagged and removed. Every object of data in your ad ought to be weighted according to its importance. Mostly such ads will consist of one image or perchance a sequence of still visuals. It's tricky to read an ad in which everything is the identical size. While online ads might be less expensive, you might find more bang for your buck at the neighborhood level in a little community newspaper. There a couple things you should know and be conscious of because craigslist is touchy when it has to do with posting numerous times. Just make certain to use only a single joke per post, Craigslist will know whether you apply the joke more than once and it is not going to enable you to post it twice.

The Mental Capacity Act 2005 and constent (Advice Style answer) - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2151 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Case study Did you like this example? Question 1 In this question, there are two main issues to be considered. Firstly, whether Gwen has the capacity to give consent to sterilisation and secondly, whether Gwen has the capacity to refuse to go to hospital for the kidney tests. The Sterilisation The fundamental issue for Gwen is whether she has capacity to consent to receive sterilisation. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Mental Capacity Act 2005 and constent (Advice Style answer)" essay for you Create order The definition of capacity can be found in s.2(1) of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (hereinafter referred to as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"MCA 2005à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢) that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"a person lacks capacity in relation to matter if at the material time he is unable to make a decision for himself in relation to the matter because of an impairment of, or a disturbance in the functioning of, the mind or brainà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢[1]. This provision reflects the point that the MCA 2005 uses an issue-specific definition of capacity. In our question, Gwen is stated as having a moderate learning disabilities. Under para 4.12 of the MCA 2005 Code of Practice[2], a significant learning disabilities is treated as a condition which might involve an impairment or disturbance of the functioning of the brain. But it is arguably that Gwenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s leaning disability is merely assessed as moderate, so she probably has the capacity required to consent to medical treatment. Therefore, the question as to whether Gwen has the required capacity is to be determined in the light of s.3(1) MCA2005[3]. This section sets out that a person is labelled as lacking capacity if he is unable to understand the information; retain that information; use or weigh that information as part of the process of making the decision, or to communicate his decision. This test was derived from the leading case of Re C[4], where held that the patient had the capacity to refuse treatment on the basis that he was able to understand and retain relevant treatment. Applying this to our facts, we are told that Gwenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s behaviour has improved she has been at Greendale, can this be the basis that she may have the ability to understand the nature of sterilisation? Besides this, one important point that should never been left out on our facts is that Gwen has fear of anything to do with doctors, hospitals and medicines. Will this fear affects her capacity to make decision? In Re MB (Caesarean Sectio n)[5], it was held that the needle phobia caused the patient suffering an impairment of her mental functioning and this made her temporarily incompetent to make decision. But it is unlikely to be applied here because the crucial point in the case of Re MB (Caesarean Section)[6] was that the patient needed the treatment so much in order to save her life and that of the baby. While on our facts, the sterilisation suggested is for non-therapeutic reason and thus it is difficult to argue that the Gwenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s fear makes her incompetence. Hence, the answer as to whether Gwen has the capacity to decide is not obvious. On one hand, in the case of A Local Authority v Mrs A and Mr A[7], Bodey J was on the view that it is not necessary to show that the individual understood the broader issues surrounding pregnancy and the realities in bringing up a child in accessing her capacity to give consent on contraception, merely the understanding on proximate issue relating to contracept ion is sufficient to justify that capacity. Thus, it can be suggested that Gwen seems to have that as she has developed a friendship with a male resident in Greendale and it is reasonable to say that she may acquire the knowledge in relation to sexual intercourse and also the understanding on sterilisation. Whilst on the other hand, it might also be argued that the approach taken by Bodey J[8] is unrealistic. This was put forward by Keywood[9] in her article that it looks illogical to say that a decision made without real understanding on the broader consequences of the particular medical treatment can be regarded as an autonomous decision. It is submitted that the law regarding this area remains unclear and it is difficult to see how the court will decide whether or not Gwen has capacity to refuse the sterlisation. At this point, s.1(2) MCA 2005[10] may play a crucial role as it stresses that a person should be presumed as competence, unless the medical profession can prove o therwise. Since we are unsure as to whether or not Gwen has capacity to decide on the sterilisation, we shall assume that she has. In accordance with the principle laid down in S v St Georgeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s NHS Trust[11], if Gwen has capacity, she has the absolute right to decide whether or not to receive the sterilisation. This means that she cannot be forced to receive the treatment if she does not consent on it, irrespective of the facts that it may be an unwise decision (s.1(4) MCA 2005[12]). If however, Gwen may be regarded as lacking capacity due to her fear and thus, by virtue of s.1(5) of MCA 2005[13], the sterilisation can be carried out if it is in her best interest. So the next question is whether the sterilisation is at Gwenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s best interest? s.4 of MCA 2005[14] sets out a number of factors to be taken into account in determining whether the proposed medical treatment is for the patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s best interest. Nonetheless, in accordance with para 8.22 of Code of Practice[15], in ascertaining whether a sterilisation is in a patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s best interest under s.4, the court should follow the approach they have developed in the earlier cases. In Re F (A Mental Patient: Sterilisation)[16], it was held that the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"best interestà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ test is not to be assessed as same as the Bolam test[17]. It was not be sufficient to show that there was a respectable medical opinion in support of sterilisation, but the court must, as affirmed in Re MM (An Adult)[18], also take into account the broader ethical, social, moral and emotional considerations. However, it must be noted that, according to Re B[19], the interests of the cares are not to be taken into account but their views may be persuasive in informing the court what is for the patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s best interest. Applying this to our facts, the court may take into account the view of the support workers and that of Gwenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ â„ ¢s father, but still the final decision is on the court. One case that must be look into together with our facts is the case of Re A (Male Sterilisation)[20]. In this case, A was a 28 years old man who had Down Syndrome. His mother who has now unable to take care of him applied to the High Court for a declaration that the sterilisation operation was at Aà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s best interest and could be legally acted on him. Thorpe LJ adopted a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"balance sheet approachà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and it was held that the sterilisation is not in Aà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s best interest because there being no danger of pregnancy for him. However, since Gwen is a woman and there might be a risk for her to get pregnant by involving in unprotected sexual intercourse, it is likely that the case of Re A can be distinguished from our facts. Further, in Re B[21], Lord Oliver suggested that sterilisation will only be approved if it is a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"last resortà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. A com mon ground for wanting sterilisation is that there is a worry that the incapacitated person will become pregnant and be unable to deal with the pregnancy or look after the child. But in Re LC[22], the court held that the patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s carers took care of her very well and it was very unlikely she would become pregnant. Thus, it is unlikely that sterilisation is the last resort for Gwen. Arguably, since Gwen is now under supervisions and the support workers realised the risk that she may get pregnant, they will be more cautious on this issue and hence, it is unlikely that she will get pregnant. Therefore, by following this reasoning, the court may not grant a permission of sterilisation and it cannot be performed on Gwen as it is not considered in her best interest. The Kidney Test The next issue is whether Gwen has the capacity to refuse to go to the hospital for the kidney test. First of all, we will need to determine whether Gwen has fulfilled the requirement se t out in s.2[23] and s.3[24] of the MCA 2005 for competency. As mentioned, MCA 2005 introduces issue-specific definition of capacity, this was shown in the leading case of Gillick v West Norfolk and Wishbech AHA[25], where the court was on the view that a patient may be found to have sufficient understanding to be able to consent to a simple course of treatment, but not have sufficient understanding to be able to consent to a complex medical procedure. Further, in Re T[26], Lord Donaldson suggested that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"the more serious the decision, the greater the capacity requiredà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. In the other words, even if the court decides that Gwen has the capacity to decide on the issue of sterilisation, this does not mean that she is competence enough to refuse the kidney test as her life is now depending on the treatment. By following the judgment is Re MB[27], it is arguably that Gwenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s fear to doctors, hospitals and medicines nominated her mental a bility to understand, weigh and retain the information as regards to the proposed kidney test, she is now temporarily incompetence and thus her refusal is invalid and the doctors must send her to the hospital which is clearly an action at her best interest at that moment. But on the other hand, it can be pointed out from our facts that Gwen did allow the doctor to examine her, does this mean that her fear to doctors, hospitals and medicines is not that severe to nominate her capacity to make decision? Again, there is no clear-cut answer. If Gwen is regarded as having capacity to refuse to go to hospital for kidney test, then she cannot be forced to do so even if her life is depending on it, by virtue of the principle laid down in s.1(4) of MCA 2005[28]. This was emphasised in the case of Re MB[29] where the court held that even if the patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s life and that of her child are depend on the medical treatment, the treatment taken against her wishes would still be re garded as an unlawful infringement to her autonomy. (1992 words) Bibliography Books Herring J, Medical Law and Ethics (4th edn OUP, Oxford 2012) Jackson E, Medical Law, Text Cases and Materials (3rd edn OUP, Oxford 2013) Articles Keywood K, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Safeguarding Reproductive Health? The Inherent Jurisdiction, Contraception, and Mental Incapacityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (2011) 19 MLR 326-333 Electronic Sources Buchanan A, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Mental Capacity, legal competence and consent to treatmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1079581/ accessed 12 November 2014 Bunting A.P, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Guiding Principles in Medical Law: The Ability to Treatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ https://etheses.bham.ac.uk/968/1/Bunting05LLM.pdf accessed on 13 November 2014 , à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Book of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Medical Law and Researchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  On-Lineà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ https://www.medreslaw.com/capacity.php accessed 13 Novemb er 2014 Tables of Statutes and Cases Table of Statutes Department of Constitutional Affairs, MCA 2005 Code of Practice (2007: para 4.12). Department of Constitutional Affairs, MCA 2005 Code of Practice (2007: para 8.22). Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.1 Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.2 Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.3 Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.4 Table of Cases A Local Authority v Mrs A and Mr A [2010] EWHC 1549 (Fam) Bolam v Friern Hospital Management Committee [1957] 1 WLR 582 Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Health Authority [1986] AC 112 Re A (Male Sterilisation) [2000] 1 FCR 193 Re B (A Minor) (Wardship: Sterilisation) [1987] 2 All ER 206 Re C (Adults: Refusal of Treatment) [2004] 1 WLR 290 Re F (A Mental Patient: Sterilisation) [1990] 2 AC 1 Re LC (Medical Treatment: Sterilisation) [1997] 2 FLR 258 Re MB (Caesarean Section) [1997] 2 FLR 426 Re MM (An Adult) [2007] EWHC 2003 (Fam) Re T (Adult: Refusal of Treatment) [199 3] 2 All ER 649 St Georgeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Healthcare NHS Trust v S [1998] 3 All ER 673 [1] Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.2(1). [2] Department of Constitutional Affairs, MCA 2005 Code of Practice (2007: para 4.12). [3] Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.3(1). [4] Re C (Adults: Refusal of Treatment) [2004] 1 WLR 290. [5] Re MB (Caesarean Section) [1997] 2 FLR 426. [6] Ibid. [7] A Local Authority v Mrs A and Mr A [2010] EWHC 1549 (Fam). [8] Ibid. [9] K Keywood, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Safeguarding Reproductive Health? The Inherent Jurisdiction, Contraception, and Mental Incapacityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (2011) 19 MLR 326-333. [10] Mental Capacity Act, s.1(2) [11] St Georgeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Healthcare NHS Trust v S [1998] 3 All ER 673. [12] Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.1(4). [13] Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.1(5). [14] Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.4. [15] Department of Constitutional Affairs, MCA 2005 Code of Practice (2007: para 8.22). [16] Re F (A Mental Patient: Sterilisation) [1990] 2 AC 1. [17] Bolam v Friern Hospital Management Committee [ 1957] 1 WLR 582. [18] Re MM (An Adult) [2007] EWHC 2003 (Fam). [19] Re B (A Minor) (Warship: Sterilisation) [1987] 2 All ER 206. [20] Re A (Male Sterilisation) [2000] 1 FCR 193. [21] Re B (A Minor) (Warship: Sterilisation) [1987] 2 All ER 206. [22] Re LC (Medical Treatment: Sterilisation) [1997] 2 FLR 258. [23] Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.2. [24] Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.3. [25] Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Health Authority [1986] AC 112. [26] Re T (Adult: Refusal of Treatment) [1993] 2 All ER 649. [27] Re MB (Caesarean Section) [1997] 2 FLR 426. [28] Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.1(4). [29] Re MB (Caesarean Section) [1997] 2 FLR 426.

Separation of Power Plays an Important Role in the...

The doctrine of separation of powers plays an important role from a constitutional perspective. In defining the term it can be seen within a vast multitude of legal text as the â€Å"constitutional principal limiting powers vested in an institution or person. The functions of governmental authority is divided into three categories; inspired by French jurist Montesquieu (1689- 1755), the legislative, executive and judiciary as separate branches exists in many countries. In Trinidad and Tobago these branches are defined as the Legislative in the form of Parliament, the Executive as the Government and the Judiciary as the courts. Reflected by chapter 4 part I of The Constitution of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago Act 4 of 1976, composition of†¦show more content†¦Important acts of the President can only be exercised as identified in 80 (1) .... in accordance with the advice if Cabinet or a Minister acting under the general authority of the Cabinet. The Cabinet consists of elected members where its election principle includes the percentage of votes each candidate received in the last election. They are responsible for formulating methods to implement the laws passed by Parliament; however it is noteworthy that these elected members can be at any time dismissed by the Prime Minister. The Judiciary of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago is the last of the three mentioned arms of the state, it is headed by the Chief Justice, and the judiciary consists of the Supreme Court of Judicature, the Magistracy and the Privy Council. The Constitution seeks to ensure the independence of the Judiciary by various means, including prohibiting the abolition of judges’ posts or reduction of their salaries. Section 99 of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago constitution it states: â€Å"There shall be a Supreme Court of Trinidad and Tobago consisting of a High Court (hereinafter referred to as â€Å"the High Court†) and a Court of Appeal with such jurisdiction and powers as conferred on these Courts respectively by this Constitution or any other law.† The Chief Justice is appointed by the President after consultation with the Prime Minister and the Leader of the Opposition, but may only be removed byShow MoreRelatedCxc Mutipe Choice Questions13016 Words   |  53 PagesAugust, 1962 b) May, 1961 c) July, 1963 d) July, 1974. The four countries that attended the first Heads of Government Conference were: a) Jamaica, Guyana, Grenada and Barbados b) Barbados, Jamaica, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago c) Barbados, Jamaica, Guyana and Belize d) Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, Jamaica and St. Lucia. Carifta came into being on: a) May 1, 1968 b) July 1, 1968 c) August 1, 1968 d) May 1, 1971. After the inception of Carifta, three functional institution were set up except:Read MoreA001426633 Corporate Governance Assignment3332 Words   |  14 Pagesrecommendations for suggested improvement based on your review. Word Count: 2504 words Executive Summary The proliferation of corporate scandal has brought corporate governance into the spotlight. Stakeholders have now become more aware of the power and responsibility of the board of directors. As such emphasis is being placed on the review of the board of directors and the extent to which they exhibit good corporate citizenry. This paper seeks to function as a report to the chairman of the boardRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPerception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change

Business Ethics Dilemma Free Essays

The Internet today is a major resource and tool for many people. Computers have been around since the 1950s’. However, the popularity of computers didn’t take off until the 1990s’. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Ethics Dilemma or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many businesses today market, promote, and have their own website. This is important as it serves as avenue of business to promote their products, sell their services to their customers, and continuously inform the public on their performance. The Internet also provides various search engines in 2011 with popular search engines such as Yahoo, MSN, Google, and newer search engines such as (Microsoft) Bing. This paper will ssummarize and analyze the ethical dilemma between Google and (Microsoft) Bing search engines. In addition, discuss why the behavior is unethical and the impact it has on the organization. It will also include the theory of ethics that explains the unethical behavior and suggest ways to improve the behavior to avoid the problems in the future. Internet When did the Internet start? Back in the early 1960s’, ARPANET was created by many sophisticated engineers, computer scientists, and mathematicians. The ARPANET design allowed computers to connect, run on different operating systems, and without ARPANET, the Internet wouldn’t look or behave the way it does today, it may not even exist. As technology advanced technicians began making advancements with combing the ARPANET network to the Satellite Network (SATNET). The technical term for the connection between the networks is inter-networking or better known today for many as the Internet. In 1990, Tim Berners-Lee developed a system designed to simplify navigation on the Internet which became known as the World Wide Web. As the years went by, and as the technology advanced so did the internet search engines. Microsoft’s full scale entry into the browser, server, and Internet Service Provider market completed the major shift over to a commercially based Internet. Google vs. (Microsoft) Bing On February 3rd, 2011 the Harvard Business Review has reported that, â€Å"Google has sparked a media uproar by alleging that Bing â€Å"copies† Google results and Bing unequivocally has denied it. According to the article, when user’s search information through the Bing toolbar the user’s browser sends information to Microsoft to collect data, track information and watch to analyze behavior patterns. The Harvard Business Review article also has reported the following, â€Å"Google staged a setup for gibberish search terms Google made up which caused the search engine to serve up random pages Google selected arbitrarily. Then Google told its employees to run Google searches for these g ibberish terms, and to click the artificial results Google had inserted. The employees did this on computers running the Bing Toolbar and IE Related Sites, so their click patterns were sent to Microsoft just as Microsoft’s privacy policy and other disclosures said they would be. Microsoft used this data to improve its search results to present in Bing results the links these users seemed to favor, again just as Microsoft said it would. † Google is making an allegation that (Microsoft) Bing has copied their search results process through the use of the toolbar functionality. According to the Harvard Business Review article, â€Å"Microsoft received user permission for these observations and information about users’ click patterns is users’ information not Google’s. † In a post at WebmasterWorld, Google’s Matt Cutts, wrote as follows, â€Å"It’s my personal, unofficial belief that using toolbar data in the future to augment our crawl is not only a good idea, but specifically allowed by the original policies we posted. † Ethical Dilemma The dilemma here is that Google is not practicing in an ethical manner as their organization is making an allegation that Bing is infringing on their toolbar process and tracking user patterns is not appropriate. Based on the Harvard Business review Matt Cutts further said: â€Å"A good idea,† when using this method but now that Microsoft uses this very approach, suddenly Google argues it’s improper. Microsoft – Bing has the same right to use this method to track information and based on the Google Toolbar Privacy Policy it is disclosed that Google reserves the right to track and use pattern information to enhance their search engine. Conclusion Based on the information in the Harvard Business Review article, Google has violated the ethical code of customer confidence. This is due the fact that Google is operating in the same fashion as Bing by monitoring activity searches through its toolbar portal to enhance the information that it is displayed through their website. This affects the employees of Google because the corporation is making a false claim, and this may leave a negative feeling with employees because the organization may not be completely clear with it s full disclosure policies. Google could have been prevented these false claims by having an internal compliance team conduct research and with their findings could have advised Google on a better approach to address competition efforts from (Microsoft) Bing. This reinforces the purpose of having a code of ethics within an organization and that every employee of all levels abides by it. References Internet. (2011). When did it start. (2011). Retrieved on February the 6th, 2011 from: http://computer. howstuffworks. om/internet/basics/internet-start. htm Harvard Business Review. (2011). Google Policy. (2011). Retrieved on February 6th, 2011, from: http://www. webmasterworld. com/forum80/21-1-30. htm Internet. (2011). Internet History. (2011). Retrieved on February 6th, 2011, from: http://www. walthowe. com/navnet/history. html Ethical Dilemma. (2011). Google vs. Bing. (2011). Retrieved on February 6th, 2011 from: http://www. businessweek. com/managing/content/feb2011/ca2011024_853469. htm How to cite Business Ethics Dilemma, Papers

Export Enterprises France – Foreign investment

Question: You are required to write a report which will be addressed and discussed at the companys next Board meeting. The report should be written in a business style, of no more than 4,000 words outlining the different aspects of the investment proposal. These aspects together with allocated marking are provided below as guidance; Market entry considerations (10%) Political and economic risk Countrys appetite for Foreign Direct Investment(FDI), FDI trends Competitors analysis Financial consideration (30%) Investment appraisal Impact on financial reporting of the projected results Financing arrangements Corporate capital structuring Cash/ profit repatriation Tax opportunities/costs Specifics risks associated with overseas investments (30%) A detailed consideration and evaluation of specific foreign exchange exposure the investment may be faced together with a detailed hedging and management of this potential risk Day to day and management of these risks Long term and strategic management of identified ongoing risks Market Entry Alternatives (15%) Advice and appropriate recommendation on the market entry Commercial and legal consideration of selected option Operational matters (15%) The report should highlight key operational issues in managing a large investment in an overseas market. It should make recommendations as to how these will be effectively managed.These should include the following: Recruitment and management of personnel from a distance, Management and respect of cultural difference Effective communication with personal based in distant countries. Answer: Next Plc, as a second largest retailer in clothes for UK, plans to move forward with the expansion of its stores. Although around the world the trend shows a slowdown of retail stores and the market is getting captured by the online sale. In a very short span of time the online market has captured a huge part of the industry and has led to close down of various big and small stores and outlets. However, the tough online market and the consumer climate have not let the hopes down for the company to open up new stores. The company has identified around 1.4 Mn square feet of new space for its future expansion. In the scenario where the stores and markets are getting closed down, this would show up a growth of around 20 percent. This can act as a strong turning point for the store market and better serve those customers no satisfied with the online market and can also attract the ones on the other side of the table as well. The new store expansion also helps the company with its online business as around 38% of the orders are being collected from outlets; it is easier to find locations which are attractive in a weak retail scenario. Thus the idea of this store does not only provides a platform for retail physical market but also provides an equal platform for our online market as it can act as a common location or pick point for the same. In an internet and online based environment it acts as a counter instinct to open up stores where the others around are getting closed. However, this initiative to open up store is yet to get planning approval. In previous scenario when there were huge markets for retail stores it was comparatively tough to get the approval but we are finding it easier to get consent from the municipalities in the current scenario. Today, Next has around 500 stores in UK and more than 200 stores in 40 plus countries. In last few years various large fashion and other retail stores have opened up across UK. In 2011, August Next opened its home and garden store which is a combined fashion store. In 2014, other two large home and fashion stores were opened. Next has launched its mail order operation in 1988 with a book containing 350 pages which creates an outline for catalogue retailing. The online shopping was then introduced in 1999 which made the entire book available to shop from. Next now serves customers from around the world, it consists of customers from 70 countries outside United Kingdom approximately. Next has over the number of years expanded its reach across the globe. We have continued to improve our customer service and have initiated various services for customer like next day delivery straight to customers home. The tough market and industry standards in current scenario makes it very difficult to attract customers, however through an improved customer service experience we can attract the customers and get their loyalties in long run. Customers will have a facility to collect or return any items at any store nationwide, this is in turn create a lot more opportunity for the customers to feel connected and have easy reach for their queries and concerns. Moreover a new facility of in house delivery is being set up where we have the ability to service the clients even on weekends. This will make the customers feel important and their time getting valued in turn from customer satisfaction point of view this service will help us attract them. The customers can also avail the facility of checking their accounts immediately after a purchase or after a return and can make their payments online. This will help them to get connected to us and reach us with just a click and make their experience easy and user friendly. International Investment / Expansion Decision: Next Plc has decided to expand its business operations to France by opening its retail stores in Paris which is a global center for fashion. This expansion can help us grow manifold in terms of demand and as a brand because Paris as discussed is a global center for fashion and successfully leaving our footprints in Paris will help us grow as a brand altogether. However, this expansion decision will have to deal with many factors. Following are the factors we have to consider before investing in France: Political, Economic and Social Risk: Political France also comes under European Union which has a stable political environment for doing business and trade. This can prove to be in our huge advantage as currently the online market has taken over lot of stores and physical retail market. There is a huge competition in market and therefore we can take advantage of this stability for our expansion decision. We can also take a chance to invest a big amount in this expansion. Economic Economic climate in France is currently stable but there is a problem as the Sterling is weak against Euro. Due to this weakness of Sterling there are chances of foreign exchange loss in some transactions. But if we are successful with our launch and the France market turns out to be a boon for us, this exchange loss will be negated by the increased revenue from Paris. Social Population of France is high and on an increasing trend, therefore it can prove it to be a good customer base for us. As our target group of 25 to 45 in UK is falling therefore high population in France will provide us an opportunity to increase our target group. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in France: For global expansion we will need a huge amount of money to invest in development of new product to be launched in Paris, investment in infrastructure, purchase of necessary machines for local production, buying property, hiring new staff, etc. This proposed expansion is very expensive and will require huge foreign direct investment (FDI) in France, therefore we have to comply with the foreign direct investment policy of France. We have to set competitive prices for our products and have to provide different offers to attract new customers and to improve our brand loyalty in Paris. This will require lot of pre work require so that we figure out the legal and rightful ways of investment and also figure out how and when to strike the market so that we do not make any mistakes considering the amount of money involved. As per the results of the World Investment Report by the UNCTAD, foreign direct investment in France has fallen and it has shifted France from 11th to 19th place in the list of worlds most FDI attractive countries. This can prove to a negative sign in midst of our venture and should raise concerns. But currently the situation has considerably changed and is different because FDI inflow has doubled from US dollar and ranges from 15bn to 44bn. Paris is ranked number 2nd in the world to host MNCs head office after Tokyo. Currently over 500 MNCs have their head offices in Paris. It also has a good ranking in the report of 2016 Doing Business issued by the World Bank. Therefore these studies and reports mitigate the chances of risk and concerns which could have possibly interrupted us then. Moreover, France has a highly skilled workforce, easy availability of resources for large industries and it is centrally located in Europe, which can work to our great benefit. We have decided to Invest in France because of the following reasons: France comes under top 10 economic powers in the world and is located centrally in Europe. France has a well-developed tertiary sector and it is a very innovative country. This not only helps us understand France market but it also provides us a platform to prove ourselves in a country which offers us a large fashion market. Infrastructure of the country is of high quality and it has a large industrial base. France has a very skilled, productive and qualified workforce which comes second in terms of hourly production in Europe. This can help us have effective and efficient people working with us who have significant higher local markets knowledge. France has a very simple legal system with stable and transparent policies and compliance. It has a low manpower cost and less competition in some sectors, this also helps us have efficient and cost effective staff. However, there are some weaknesses also related with investing in France. Taxation rates are high as compared to other regions of Europe. There are some labour rules which may create complexity in compliance with labour law. This is an area of concern which needs to be worked upon and analyzed before we fix onto our commitment to invest in France. Government of France has taken many measures to eliminate above mentioned weaknesses. According to foreign direct investment (FDI) policy of France, a foreign company which decides to start their business operations in France and want to expand its existing business by investing in France will be treated as a French company by the government. Government of France has also reduced no. of administrative formalities to make its procedure simple and less complex for foreign companies which wants to establish business in France. This has made the investment decisions comparatively easier and made the procedures compliant friendly. Further, it has also implemented various programs (corporate tax credit program) to fight financial crisis and to attract investors they have removed corporate solidarity tax. They have created new labour laws to make French labour laws more flexible and to improve vocational training programs. The government has also introduced tax incentives for new innovative companies. This has made the laws and regulations investor friendly and also shows an interest of the government to invite investors from the globe to work in France. Competitors analysis: Next Plc has to fight with growing retail market of the United Kingdom as many overseas companies are using the United Kingdom as a base for the expansion of their overseas clothing retail business. For example, Giordano a famous Asian retailer of Hong Kong and it is highly popular and successful in Asia. The other competitors of NEXT are Marks and Spencer (MS), Debenhams and Arcadia Group. Marks and Spencer is the main competitor of NEXT Plc followed by Arcadia Group at number two in retail clothing. We have to establish only 15 more stores to get equal to Marks and Spenser (MS) in retail clothing business. Marks Spenser and Debenhams has invested huge amount in their online / internet business therefore to fight and compete with them we have to expand our overseas business also as we are dealing with products which are almost equal and just having a different brand label. Therefore we have to mint every opportunity that can accelerate our earnings. Office Real Estate and Land Ownership: A foreign company can purchase its own leasehold or freehold industrial building, land and commercial premises. They can buy them through real estate company established in France. Foreign direct investment policy allows foreign companies to invest in properties for their business operations. This proves to our advantage as direct investment in France will help us reduce our other costs of lease etc. and also help us have a brand under our owned roof in an overseas market. Risks Associated With Expansion Decision: A wrong business strategy adopted by the board or any wrong implementation of strategy the board may lead to future problems and in turn the business suffers. We need to be very careful while implementing the strategies as they form a basis for our growth. The strategies need to be properly understood, managed and analyzed by the board so that their implementation can result in long term future growth of the business and its stakeholders. The business strategies however are generally reviewed by the board regularly to monitor the sales and profit budgets effectively and to lead to effective management of business operations. Shareholders value increment is major concern areas which is involved in this process wherein annual budgets are set and long term financial models are made. Further to this, the industry growth worldwide and the change in industry standards across the globe are critical area for business and groups concern. The major part of financial risk for Next pertains to the funds availability to meet business needs, fluctuations in foreign exchange and in interest rates and defaults done by its counter parties towards financial transactions. Further to this, Nexts business expansion plan and its buyback of share strategy may force the need of additional finance which can give rise to variations in profit by increasing interest costs. A high debt level can also result in increase in cash flow proportion which was dedicated to serve debt and can possibly increase its exposure towards interest rate fluctuations. A centralized treasury function of Next manages its liquidity, foreign currency risks and interest. The treasury policy of the group allows using derivatives subject to the fact that the derivative instruments are not entered for speculative purpose. Further, Next is supposed to provide funds for its defined benefit scheme for pension and ensure that enough contributions have been made to me et the outstanding liability as and when they fall due. In case Next does not provide sufficient and timely funds for the contributions, actions can be taken either by the pension scheme trustees or by the regulators of pension which can in turn result in increase of overall deficit. Management for the purpose of monitoring meets the trustees of the scheme regularly to assess the performance of fund and also to decide future levels for contributions and any necessary changes if required for the benefit of the members of the scheme. Cash, bank overdrafts, corporate bonds, loans and short term deposits form principal financial instruments of the group other than derivatives. The main reason for these financial instruments is to raise funds for the operation of group. Trade receivable and payables are other financial assets and liabilities of group which arise directly from its operations. The Board continuously identifies and reviews key business risks and development processes undertaking oversees so as to ensure that these type of risk are managed and mitigated properly. The main kinds of risks are discussed as below: Liquidity risk: Credit risk is a kind of risk which surrounds Next due to its directory and other business customers. Various stringent procedures and followed to regularly review and monitor Groups credit customer. Credit risk also encounters the suppliers whose services are necessary for smooth running of our business operations. These include provision of IT systems, printing of directory etc. In case any of the supplier fail during the course of business this risk assessment procedure of the Group helps it to recognize various alternative and also to develop contingency plans. This helps to keep an eye on the liquidity of the company and that of the group as a whole so that unforeseen liquidity crunch does not surround and hamper the growth of the company. The Group also maintains proper long term and medium term planning to support its business operations in such kind of situations and also for probable future. The board keeps an eye on the economic conditions within UK and also globally to mit igate any exposure it may face. To decrease unnecessary interest expenses the group tries to manage its cash and borrowings centrally, this is managed in between the risk parameters which have been defined by the board. Interest rate risk: For its fixed rate corporate bonds, group is exposed to fair value interest risks and for floating rate loans and overdrafts from bank it is exposed to cash flow interest rate risks. The profile containing cash and borrowing is being monitored by the board on a regular basis so as to minimize and mitigate the risk for fixed and variable rate debt. To reduce its exposure towards change in interest rate or fluctuations in rate of interest, the group tries to use interest rate derivatives instead. These interest rates derivatives help to minimize the amount of risk by the capping the interest amount so as to reduce fluctuations and loss. Foreign currency risk: The foreign currency exposure for the group arises when it gets into the purchase for overseas products. The policy for the group allows but it does not demand for these exposures to be hedged upto 18 months in advance to fix the cost. The hedging activity includes the usage of spot, option and forward contracts. The board regularly reviews the market value of outstanding foreign exchange derivatives and a cover is taken depending upon the market conditions and the conditions of the industry as a whole. In relation to translation of overseas assets and liabilities the group does not have a material exposure and hence it does not plan to hedge for any such exposure. The hedging activity helps to reduce the foreign exchange loss which can be suffered due to fluctuations in currency and interest rates. Foreign currency: cash flow hedges: To manage its foreign currency exchange risk the group uses derivatives instruments for its future purchases which are sourced overseas for up to 18 months ahead. These derivatives generally includes currency options and contracts whose terms matches with the terms of its expected purchases. Financial Consideration: In order to finance our expansion NEXT Plc. will raise funds through long term borrowing options such as long term loans, Bonds, debentures, etc. because our treasury department is good in hedging interest rates fluctuation by taking interest rate swaps. Allocation of Expansion budget: Initial expenses - 200,000 (Legal, rent, insurance, R D, expensed equipment, consultants, etc.) Assets - 500,000 (Production equipments, office equipments, other assets) Cash balance - 300,000 1,000,000 Sales Forecast: Statement showing projected sales along with all the estimated expenses for calculating projected Profit and Loss for first 3 years of operations in Paris: Projected Profit Loss Particulars Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Sales revenue 800,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 - COGS (60 % of revenue) 480,000 600,000 900,000 Gross profits (a) 320,000 400,000 600,000 Expenses: Rent 36,000 36,000 36,000 Pay roll expenses 30,000 30,000 30,000 Advertisement 40,000 40,000 40,000 Selling distribution expenses 80,000 100,000 150,000 Depreciation (15%) 17,250 17,250 17,250 Other operating expenses 20,000 25,000 16,000 Total expenses (b) 223,250 248,250 289,250 Profit (or Loss) before taxes (a-b) 96,750 151,750 310,750 In first year of operations we have to maintain low introductory price to attract more customers. This will attract the customers with low prices and as they start using and liking the products we can raise the bar there on. Therefore, from 2nd year onwards sales price will be increased to cover operating expenses. Cost of production however will remain same during the first three years and there will be no increase in salaries. In order to increase sales volume we have to incur more advertisement expenses in coming years, this will help us to create a brand recognition for our product. Recommendations: Other than overseas expansion we have to take actions for our existing business operations in order to increase our market share therefore I would like to give following recommendations: Our analysis reveals that to achieve a top position in the market we have to increase advertisement (specifically TV ads) for increasing our sales. This advertisement strategy will help us in increasing our brand value and product image. This will help us increase our reach to the customer we have to been able to touch base upon. Since we have to fight with our major competitors therefore we have to increase our online shopping customers who shop our product from our Directory sales facility. Online market is growing at a great speed and this will at some point and time force us to spread our reach over internet world as well. We have to improve our core strategy of Delivering products to the doorstep on the next day if order is placed till midnight in order to give more completion to our competitor Marks Spencer. We should provide 3D body scanner at our stores so that we can take accurate and precise body measurements of our customers. Since our main target market adult fashion wear (that ranges from 25 to 45 age group) is reducing comparatively therefore we also have to advertise for kids clothing in order to improve sales and make up for the reduced market there. We should also start cost cutting programs by adopting better cost management system, making stock management more efficient and improving gross net margins. The increase in investment and the increase in advertisements for our extended reach will make the expenses manifold therefore to keep a control over the cash flow and net profitability we will have to manage the cost effectively. NEXT plcs main aim is to increase shareholders wealth therefore we have to enhance interest of our shareholders by purchasing our own shares with excess earnings. We have to increase our market share rapidly in order to improve our financial strength and to give tough competition to our competitors. We have to revise our pricing policies and decisions so that we can sell our products at more competitive prices. We should provide our customers better services, stylish and trendy designs, better quality and improve order timings. Better customer service is one way through which we can gain loyal custome rs and retain them for a longer period of time. We have to allocate more funds towards brand development so that we can increase our brand value in the market. We have to stick with our objective of increasing selling / trading space and increasing our retail clothing outlets across the globe, but we must note that every new store have to maintain standard and quality as per companies policy. We have conducted a survey which reveals that many of our stores needs renovations and improved customer services. These make our products and services more competitive and better to display in the growing fashion world. In order to compete with Marks and Spencer (MS) we have to increase our number of stores outside the United Kingdom i.e. we have to expand our business in overseas market to cover more market area. This will not only help us increase our sales manifold but also help us reach a lot of customers which we would have not been able to reach if we would have restricted our steps with in the country. We have also conducted the SWOT analysis with the help of external professionals and it shows that in the next 10 years our sales may fall because of our main target customers (25 45 age group) are moving out. Therefore in order to increase sales in future we have to expand our operations into new target group. We have not tried our hands in sportswear segment till now so it is the best time to cover this new target market to improve our sales, this will not just improve sales but also help to increase our brand recognition. Till now our regular customers have to buy sportswear from our competitors therefore we have to cover this market also. We can launch a new sportswear brand for this new target market. Many of our regular customers have demanded a resting place in our stores so that they can relax and can take drink during shopping, Marks and Spencer has already adopted this facility in its stores. We will have to conduct fashion events, shows, organize free make-up studios for one day in order to attract new customers. To concise my report, NEXT Plc. have to fulfill its mission statement and my recommendations in order to multiply its growth and to make its position top in the future market. It has to concentrate on its product quality, design, customer service and delivery strategies. Reference: Export Enterprises, 2016, France foreign investment, viewed on 16th March 2016 _ https://en.santandertrade.com/establish-overseas/france/foreign-investment Hausarbeit, 2001, Analysis of Next Plc., viewed on 16th March 2016 _ https://www.grin.com/de/e-book/102251/analysis-to-next-plc Business Finance, 2010, International business finance, viewed on 16th March 2016 _ https://www.economywatch.com/business/business-finance/international-business-finance.html NEXT PLC, 2016, Strategies and Objectives, viewed on 16th March 2016 _ https://www.nextplc.co.uk/about-next/our-strategies-and-objectives NEXT PLC, 2016, Reports and presentations, viewed on 16th March 2016 _ https://www.nextplc.co.uk/investors/reports-and-presentations/2015-16 NEXT PLC, 2016, Risks and uncertainties, viewed on 16th March 2016 _ https://nextplc.annualreport2015.com/business-reports/strategic-report/risks-uncertainties